Vietnamese adjectives is not difficult!
In this lesson, we will learn some of the most common adjectives and their opposites in Vietnamese that you can use to describe things and objects.
If you are new to the Vietnamese language, I highly recommend you to start with my free course "Learn Vietnamese Basics in 1 Hour"
An adjective is simply a word that describes a noun. In Vietnamese, adjectives are placed after the noun that it describes or modifies. For instance:
Cái áo màu đỏ
The red shirts
Nhạc to
Loud music
In Vietnamese, there are also something called adjective-like verbs.
These are words that behave like an adjective, and when translated into English, are equivalent to "to be" (am/is/are/was/were) plus an adjective.
Cái áo này đẹp
This shirt is pretty
Phở bò ngon
Beef pho is tasty
Here is the list 10 common adjectives and their opposites in Vietnamese with example sentences.
to - big, large (size of objects/fruits/animals/body parts) or loud (noise/sound)
bự - big, large (similar to "to", but might sound too casual)
lớn - big, large; (similar to "to"), but also depicts the growth of someone/something
nhỏ - small, soft or low volume (noise/sound)
Example:
Mình muốn một cái túi vừa phải, không to không nhỏ
I want a bag that is just right, not too big, not too small
Nhạc to quá! Làm ơn vặn nhỏ lại!
The music is too loud! Please turn (it) down!
Cổ đang làm cho một công ty lớn.
She's working for a big company.
Dạo này con của cổ lớn ghê!
These days her children are so big! (= the children grow fast)
Trái xoài bự/to/lớn này bao nhiêu tiền?
How much is this big mango?
cao - tall, high
thấp - short, low in height
Example:
ngắn - short in length
dài - long
Example:
nặng - heavy
nhẹ - light (in terms of weight)
Example:
rộng - wide, big (in terms of space)
chật - tight
Example:
dày - thick
mỏng - thin
Example:
cứng - hard, tough
mềm - soft, tender
Example:
nhanh - fast
chậm - slow
Example:
mới - new cũ - old
Example:
sạch - clean
dơ - dirty
Example:
thơm - describes something being “fragrant” or simply has good, pleasant smell
hôi - smelly, stinky
thúi - smelly, stinky (often used in spoken Southern dialect)
Example:
A: Sầu riêng hôi lắm, mình không ăn được!
Durian is so smelly, I can't eat (it)!
B: Mình thấy nó thơm mà!
I find it smells good!
khô - dry
ướt - wet
Example:
xấu - ugly
đẹp - beautiful, pretty, good/nice-looking
Example:
mắc - expensive, pricey
rẻ - cheap, inexpensive
Example:
thật / thiệt - real, true
giả - fake
dỏm / dởm - fake & bad quality (often used in spoken Southern dialect)
Example:
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